None of the cases recurred after surgical treatment. These

2 cases show the importance of not to misdiagnose lesions which clinically may appear to be benign.”
“Background: Understanding hospital costs and length of stay (LOS) can optimize the in-hospital management of acute stroke. We investigated cost and LOS in first-ever and recurrent stroke patients in Taiwan. Methods: Data were examined in patients at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital BTSA1 in vitro in Chiayi County of Taiwan from April 1, 2005, to March 31, 2007. Predictors of hospital cost and LOS in these patients were studied. Results: The study included 1021 patients with 1084 stroke episodes. Mean age was 68.1 +/- 10.8 years (range: 32-93). The average cost was NTD$45,709.30 +/- NTD$66,697.40 (US$1408.70 +/- US$2084.30; US$1 = NTD$32) and average LOS was 13.9 +/- 14.1 days (range: 1-129). After multivariate regression analysis, the significant predictive factors for cost were LOS, smoking, and medication for secondary prevention. The significant predictive factors

for LOS were diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation, recurrence, and stroke subtype. Conclusions: Age 65 and over, atrial fibrillation, stroke treatment, and subtypes were the significant predictive factors affecting hospital costs and LOS. Compared to other countries, Taiwan spent the least while Canada had the highest expense. The United States had the shortest LOS (6 days) in contrast to Canada with the longest LOS (34-47 days). Regarding mean daily cost Sotrastaurin inhibitor of stroke, the United States had the LY2090314 cost highest

cost per day while China spent the least.”
“Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) is one of the commonest bariatric procedures in the UK. This study reports our experience with this procedure over the last 10 years.

A prospectively maintained database of all the patients undergoing LAGB at our centre between March 2000 and August 2010 was analysed.

Five hundred seventy-five patients underwent LAGB at our centre. There was no mortality in this series. Early (30-day) morbidity rate was 2.2 %. Late complications (20 %) comprised: 78 repositioning of the inflation port in 65 patients, repositioning of band in 24 patients (4 %), removal of band in 20 patients (3.4 %), conversion to bypass in 41 patients (7 %), diagnostic laparoscopy in 1 patient and subtotal gastrectomy in 1 patient. Median follow-up was 29 months. The median of percentage of weight loss (%WL) and excess body weight loss (EBWL) was 18.3 and 40 %, respectively, at a parts per thousand yen5 years post-LAGB. Patients with body mass index (BMI) over 50 kg/m(2) were compared to those with BMI a parts per thousand currency sign50 kg/m(2). No significant difference was noted in the weight loss between both of these groups.

The results of the present study indicated that toluene gas might change the expression pattern of BDs in the tracheal epithelial cells. The oscillation of expression of BD-4 was quite characteristic and might contribute to morphological damage in

on the epithelial cells. (DOI: 10.1293/tox.26.35; J Toxicol Pathol 2013; 26: 35-40)”
“Three Baf-A1 manufacturer new sesquiterpenes (1-3), (6R,7S,11R,10S)-15-hydroxy-sesquisabinene hydrate (1), (6R,7R,11S,10S)-15-hydroxy-sesquisabinene hydrate (2), and (6R,7R,10S)-15-hydroxy-zingiberenol (3), along with three known compounds, were isolated from the stems of Dysoxylum oliganthum; and three new isodaucane (salvionane) sesquiterpenes, namely isodauc-6-ene-10 beta,14-diol (4), 4-epi-isodauc-6-ene-10 beta,14-diol (5), and 4-epi-6 alpha,10 beta-dihydroxy-artabotrol (6) together with 15 known compounds were isolated from the twigs and leaves of D. excelsum. Their structures were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis and chemical shifts. The absolute configuration of C-10 in compounds 1-3 of a rare class was determined by using Snatzke’s method.”
“Data regarding relationship between pulse pressure (PP) at admission

GDC 0068 and in-hospital outcome in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are still lacking. A total of 1413 primary PCI-treated AMI patients were classified into quintiles based on admission PP (< 40, n = 280; 40-48, n = 276; 49-57, n = 288; 58-70, n = 288; and a parts per thousand yen71 mmHg, n = 281). The patients with PP < 40 mmHg tended to have higher prevalence of male, smoking, and Killip class a parts per thousand yen3 at admission; right coronary artery, left main trunk (LMT), or multivessels as culprit lesions; larger number of diseased vessels; lower Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) grade in the AZD9291 cost infarct-related artery before/after

primary PCI; and higher value of peak creatine phosphokinase concentration. Patients with PP < 40 mmHg had highest mortality, while patients with PP 49-57 mmHg had the lowest: 11.8 % (< 40), 7.2 % (40-48), 2.8 % (49-57), 5.9 % (58-70), and 6.0 % (a parts per thousand yen71 mmHg). On multivariate analysis, Killip class a parts per thousand yen3 at admission, LMT or multivessels as culprit lesions, chronic kidney disease, and age were the independent positive predictors of the in-hospital mortality, whereas admission PP 49-57 mmHg, hypercholesterolemia, and TIMI 3 flow before/after PCI were the negative ones, but admission PP < 40 mmHg was not. These results suggest that admission PP 49-57 mmHg might be correlated with better in-hospital prognosis in Japanese AMI patients undergoing primary PCI.

Two biopsy devices were compared: 2.4F stainless steel flat wire basket and 3F cup biopsy forceps. The effect of the biopsy device on obtaining an adequate pathologic specimen was evaluated using univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis. We also investigated whether tumor grade determination was affected by the biopsy device selleck compound among patients with a diagnostic biopsy. Results: Diagnosis was successful in 63% and 94% in the forceps and basket groups, respectively (P<0.0001). Among biopsies with a definite diagnosis of UTUC, specific grade was determined in 80% and

93% in the forceps and basket groups, respectively (P=0.033). In subgroup analysis of tumors larger than 10mm in diameter, diagnosis was obtained in 80% and 94% in the forceps and basket groups, respectively (P=0.037). Cytologic evaluation was found to increase diagnostic rates. Conclusions: The stainless steel flat wire

basket was shown to be superior to the 3F cup biopsy forceps in terms of obtaining tissue diagnosis and providing specific grade.”
“Modifications in the FASTPlaqueTB (TM) test protocol have resulted in an increase in the analytical limits of detection. This study investigated whether the performance of a modified prototype was able to increase the detection of smear-negative, culture-positive sputum samples as compared to the BTSA1 supplier first generation FASTPlaqueTB test. Modifications to the FASTPlaqueTB did result in increased detection of smear-negative samples, but

this was associated with a decrease in the specificity of the test. Before the FASTPlaqueTB can be considered as a viable replacement for smear microscopy and culture for the identification of tuberculosis, further work is required to resolve the performance issues identified in this study.”
“Despite recent advances in chemotherapy, the treatment of pulmonary Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) disease remains unsatisfactory. Judging from its MIC, fluoroquinolones SYN-117 clinical trial including gatifloxacin (GFLX) are expected to demonstrate efficacy against MAC disease. However, there have been few clinical studies using fluoroquinolones. Therefore, a prospective study to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of a fluoroquinolone-containing regimen for the treatment of pulmonary MAC disease was conducted. In this trial, patients with pulmonary MAC disease received protocol-guided combined chemotherapy with rifampin (RFP) and ethambutol (EB) plus either GFLX or clarithromycin (CAM). Adult patients who fulfilled the criteria of the ATS definition of pulmonary MAC disease were enrolled in this study. The patients provided their informed consent, and treatments were administered for 1 year. Of 27 patients enrolled from three facilities, 14 patients were treated with the CAM-containing regimen and 13 patients were treated with the GFLX-containing regime.

Expression

of SoRIP1 was detected in various tissues. In Particular, SoRIP1 was highly expressed in the early immature fruits, and immunohistochemistry showed that SoRIP1 accumulated in the peripheral region of the immature embryo, with weaker expression in internal cells. During fruit development, the expression of SoRIP2 was low. However, the accumulation of SoRIP2 was conspicuous in the epidermis of the immature embryo. The expression of SoRIP2, but not SoRIP1, in leaves was induced by salicylic acid treatment. This differential transcriptional regulation check details of SoRIP1 and SoRIP2 suggests that the corresponding proteins may have different functions, one being related to embryonic development and the other to embryo defense. (C) 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.”
“Background: Cerebral malaria carries an unacceptable case fatality rate in children

despite timely and adequate chemotherapy. To improve the survival rate, adjunctive therapies previously tested mainly focused on the modulation of the inflammatory CBL0137 ic50 response, without definitive effect in humans. In this context, a new adjunctive strategy using a neuroprotective drug: erythropoietin (epoietin-beta, Epo) was proposed.

Methods: An open-labelled study including cerebral malaria children (Blantyre coma score below 3) was conducted in Mali. The objective was to assess the short-term safety (seven days) of erythropoietin at high doses (1,500 U/kg/day during three days) combined to quinine.

Results: 35 patients with unrousable coma were included in the study. None of expected side effects of erythropoietin were observed during the seven days follow-up. No significant increase in the case fatality rate (7/35 patients) was observed compared to other studies with mortality rates ranging from 16 to 22% in similar endemic areas.

Conclusion: These data provide the first evidence of the short-term safety of erythropoietin at high doses combined to quinine. A multicentre study is needed to assess the potential of Epo as an adjunctive therapy to increase the survival during cerebral buy EX 527 malaria.”
“Objective.

The aim of this study was to explore whether close preoperative ultrasound monitoring starting in the emergency room (ER) could prevent postoperative bladder distension among acute orthopaedic patients. Material and methods. A randomized controlled trial was conducted at a 650-bed level-2 centre in Sweden. Inclusion criteria were admittance via ER to an orthopaedic ward for acute surgery. Bladder volumes were measured with a portable ultrasound scanner (Bladderscan BVI 3000). In the intervention group, all patients were scanned in the ER and then regularly at the ward at predefined times until surgery. In the control group, no regular scanning was performed before surgery. During surgery, the same procedure was performed for both groups: bladder scanning immediately after arrival to the recovery room and continuous postoperative scanning until voiding.

Arab adolescents comprised 55% (1117) of the analyzed sample SCH727965 cell line and Jews 45% (902), 56% of participants were girls. Of the Arab participants, 18.6% reported having frequent headaches (girls 25.3%, boys 9.1%, P<0.0001) much less than their Jewish peers (P<0.0001) among whom 27.9% reported having frequent headaches (girls 35.6%, boys 19% P<0.0001). Other somatic complaints such as abdominal pain, palpitations, disordered sleep and fatigue were more frequent in adolescents (Jews and Arabs, girls and boys) who suffered from headaches than in their peers who did

not report having headaches (P<0.0001), the same pattern observed in the Jewish and the Arab group.

Conclusions: Headache is a frequent complaint among adolescents in Northern Israel. Jewish adolescents reported find more having headaches more frequently than their Arab peers.

Those who suffered from frequent headaches also reported having significantly more other somatic complaints than adolescents without headaches. Girls had more somatic complaints then boys in the two ethnic groups.”
“Background: Clinical profiling of two components for a synthetic peptide-based virosomal malaria vaccine has yielded promising results, encouraging the search for additional components for inclusion in a final multi-valent vaccine formulation. This report describes the immunological characterization of linear and cyclized synthetic peptides comprising amino acids 211-237 of Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein (MSP-3).

Methods: These peptides were coupled to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE); the conjugates were intercalated into immunopotentiating

reconstituted influenza virosomes (IRIVs) and then used for immunizations in mice to evaluate their capacity to elicit P. falciparum cross-reactive antibodies.

Results: While all MSP-3-derived peptides were able to elicit parasite-binding antibodies, stabilization of turn structures by cyclization had no immune-enhancing effect. Therefore, further pre-clinical profiling was focused on FB-12, a PE conjugate of the linear peptide. Consistent Selleckchem NVP-LDE225 with the immunological results obtained in mice, all FB-12 immunized rabbits tested seroconverted and consistently elicited antibodies that interacted with blood stage parasites. It was observed that a dose of 50 mu g was superior to a dose of 10 mu g and that influenza pre-existing immunity improved the immunogenicity of FB-12 in rabbits. FB-12 production was successfully up-scaled and the immunogenicity of a vaccine formulation, produced according to the rules of Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP), was tested in mice and rabbits. All animals tested developed parasite-binding antibodies. Comparison of ELISA and IFA titers as well as the characterization of a panel of anti-FB-12 monoclonal antibodies indicated that at least the majority of antibodies specific for the virosomally formulated synthetic peptide were parasite cross-reactive.

05). There were no correlations between the gene expression of FAM5C and the other immunoinflammatory markers (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSION: Within the limits of this study, it seems that FAM5C expression does not contribute to chronic periodontitis. Oral Diseases (2012) 18, 147-152″
“Aims: In healthy adults, voluntary inhibition of micturition is associated with an increasing sensation in the urge to void and pain, and acute pain has been associated with transient deterioration in aspects of cognitive function. Methods: Eight healthy young adults consumed 250 ml of water every 15 min until they could no longer inhibit

voiding. Performance Bafilomycin A1 research buy on standardized measures of cognitive function was measured at hourly intervals which were classified as baseline, when individuals reported an increase in the urge to void, a strong increase in the urge to void, an extreme increase in the urge to void and postmicturition. Results: Sensations of the urge to void and pain increased with time of inhibition of urge to void and with amount of water consumed. Having an extreme urge to void exerted a large negative

effect on attentional and working memory functions (d>0.8). These cognitive functions returned to normal levels after micturition. Conclusion: The magnitude of decline in cognitive function associated with an extreme urge to void was as large and equivalent or greater than the cognitive deterioration observed for conditions known selleck inhibitor to be associated with increased accident risk. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30: 183-187, Selleck ACY-241 2011. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.”
“Mucoceles are benign, slow-growing lesions. Frontal sinus mucoceles are caused by the obstruction of the sinus ostium and seromucous secretions fill the inside of the cyst. The size of the cyst and the destroyed sinus walls gradually expands. Cystic mass can lead to orbital or intracranial complications when it overflows beyond the boundaries of the sinus. In this manuscript, we presented an unexpected cause of frontal mucocele in which the closure of the frontal

sinus ostium is caused by a block of bone. A case of orbital complications is presented.”
“BACKGROUND: Oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) is the most common oral infection in HIV(+) persons. Previous studies suggest a role for CD8(+) T cells against OPC when CD4(+) T cells are lost, but enhanced susceptibility to infection occurs when CD8(+) T-cell migration is inhibited by reduced tissue E-cadherin.

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a longitudinal study of tissue CD8(+) T-cells and E-cadherin expression before, during, and after the episodes of OPC.

METHODS: Oral fungal burden was monitored and tissue was evaluated for CD8(+) T cells and E-cadherin over a 1-year period in HIV(+) persons with a history of, or an acute episode of, OPC.

Methods: In surgical oncology, outcomes have historically focused on perioperative morbidity and mortality. To assess care metrics SB203580 mouse in the United States, we review structural and process measures of quality care in surgical oncology.

Results: Most quality metrics in surgical oncology pertain to structural

measures of care such as accreditation, procedure volumes, provider specialization, and multidisciplinary teams. Process measures, such as surgical technique, are also important but are not easily quantified.

Conclusions: Policy implications of quality metrics in surgical oncology include formal regionalization of care, changes in payment structures, and public reporting. More comprehensive assessments of outcomes are gaining traction in the field of surgical oncology; this shift in focus to the patient’s perspective will enhance the quality of care delivered by surgical oncologists.”
“Background: Although endobronchial Selleck Liproxstatin-1 ultrasound (EBUS)-guided transbronchial biopsy (TBB) has been shown to increase the diagnostic yield over conventional bronchoscopic techniques, an important issue regarding the optimal number

of biopsy specimens required has not been thoroughly investigated. Objectives: We sought to examine whether the number of biopsy specimens taken was associated with the diagnostic yield of EBUS-guided TBB and, if this was the case, to determine the optimal number of specimens required for the maximum diagnostic yield in peripheral pulmonary lesions. Methods: The medical records of patients undergoing EBUS-guided TBB for the diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary lesions from 2008 Alvocidib inhibitor to 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. The association of clinical and radiological features, including the number of biopsy specimens, with the diagnostic yield was analysed. Results: A total of 384 patients were included for analysis. The overall diagnostic yield of EBUS-guided

TBB was 73%, and the only factor influencing the diagnostic yield was the position of the probe. Patients in which the EBUS probe was placed within the lesions had a significantly higher yield (85%) than those in which the probe was adjacent to or outside the lesions (38%; p<0.001). When the number of biopsy specimens was determined based on their adequacy, it was an insignificant factor in predicting the diagnostic yield. Conclusions: Probe position independently predicts the diagnostic yield of EBUS-guided TBB. In real-world practice, the optimal number of biopsy specimens should be decided on a case-by-case basis. Copyright (C) 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel”
“The pathophysiology of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), particularly in the elderly, seems to be multifactorial. One of the factors involved may be chronic ischemia of the bladder caused by bladder outflow obstruction (male) or atherosclerosis (male/female).

Results: In the HCD group total cholesterol levels were significantly higher than in the control group (148.1 +/- 18.9 vs. 55.7 +/- 8.1 mg/dl, p = 0.002). The detumescence time was significantly decreased after HCD compared to the control diet (19.3 +/- 3.6 vs. 78.6 +/- 12.8 s, p < 0.001). The decreases in the HCD group were also significant in terms of ICP (53.4 +/- 4.5 vs. 35.6 +/- 5.5 mm Hg; p < 0.05), ICP/MAP (55.9 +/- 3.9 vs. 38.2 +/- 5.2%; p < 0.05) and AUC (1,404 +/- 197.1

vs. 2,250 +/- 253.7, p < 0.05) values. There were no significant changes in maximum relaxation responses of the thoracic aorta to Ach. Conclusion: These results suggest that erectile functions were significantly damaged early in HCD rats. However, endothelial functions, evaluated in the thoracic aorta, were not affected

simultaneously with erectile functions in rats fed a low concentration of HCD. Copyright (C) 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel”
“Peritoneal dialysis (PD) CAL-101 supplier solution contains high concentrations of glucose and glucose degradation products (GDPs). One of several GDPs-3,4-dideoxyglucosone-3-ene (3,4-DGE)-was recently identified as the most reactive and toxic GDP in PD fluids. In vitro, 3,4-DGE has been shown to induce mesothelial cell damage; however, its role in peritoneal fibrosis in vivo remains unclear. In the present study, we intraperitoneally administered LY3039478 mouse chlorhexidine gluconate (CG) for mild peritoneal SAR302503 injury, and we then injected 3,4-DGE [38 mu mol/L (low concentration) or 145 mu mol/L (high concentration)] 5 times weekly for 4 weeks. Significant thickening of the parietal peritoneal membrane was observed only when treatment with low or high concentrations of 3,4-DGE occurred after CG administration, but not when either CG or 3,4-DGE alone was given. The

combination of CG and 3,4-DGE also caused upregulation of messenger RNA expression of transforming growth factor beta 1, connective tissue growth factor, fibronectin, collagen type 1 alpha 1 chain, alpha smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), vascular endothelial growth factor 164, NADPH oxidase 1 and 4, p22phox, p47phox, and gp91phox in peritoneal tissue. Treatment with CG alone was sufficient to cause significant F4/80-positive macrophage infiltration, appearance of alpha-SMA-positive cells, and vessel formation in the submesothelial layer. Addition of 3,4-DGE markedly enhanced those changes and induced apoptosis, mainly in leukocytes. The concentration of 3,4-DGE in the abdominal cavity declined more rapidly in CG-treated mice than in PBS-treated mice. Peritoneal membrane permeability determined by peritoneal equilibration test showed high transport conditions in peritoneum treated with both CG and 3,4-DGE. These results indicate that, when mild peritoneal damage is already present, 3,4-DGE causes peritoneal thickening and fibrosis, resulting in deterioration of peritoneal membrane function. Perit Dial Int 2013; 33(2):143-154 www.PDIConnect.

Monitoring of Treg number,, could be instrumental in identifying patients with risk of graft failure and might help minimizing immunosuppressive therapy in transplant recipients. Molecular mechanisms of Treg proliferation Bcl 2 inhibitor and Treg elimination Such as CD95 ligand (CD95L)-mediated

apoptosis are currently explored for their clinical usability as therapeutical targets. Immunosuppressive drugs might modulate the number of Tregs. Expansion of the Treg numbers in vivo or in vitro resembles a novel therapeutical strategy to reach partial or even operational tolerance after organ transplantation.”
“The rice indica/japonica hybrid shows strong heterosis. However, such inter-subspecific hybrid can’t be directly used in rice production due to its low spikelet fertility. The S5 locus was proved to be associated with fertility of indica/japonica hybrid and its S5n allele from wide-compatibility variety (WCV) is capable to overcome fertility barrier. In the present study, we reported the causal sites in the S5 locus responsible for BMS-754807 price compatibility of indica/japonica hybrid. Fine-mapping of the S5 locus using the I I test-cross families pinpoints a candidate S5 locus encoding aspartic protease (Asp). Intragenic recombination

within the Asp gene happened in a number of recombinants, resulting in chimeric S5j-S5n alleles. Just like S5n, the chimeric S5j-S5n allele displayed higher spikelet fertility when combined with the S5i allele. In the complementary test, however, the S5n allele from WCVs failed to enhance fertilities of the indica/japonica selleckchem hybrids. Compared to both indica and japonica varieties, all nine WCVs from different resources are characterized with a 136 bp deletion in the Asp N-terminus, which probably renders the S5n allele non-functional. Furthermore, an A/C polymorphic site is detected 1,233 bp downstream of the Asp start codon. The heterozygous A/C site of the Asp gene in indica/japonica hybrid is believed to be the casual factor to cause partial sterility. The functional makers based on the two polymorphic sites will be broadly used in developing wide-compatibility rice varieties.”
“Objective

Despite the emphasis that communication skills training (CST) programmes place on attending to the emotional care of patients, evidence suggests that practitioners neglect this aspect of patient care. We describe and compare doctors’ and nurses’ accounts of managing the emotional care of parents of children with leukaemia, with the overall objective of examining how their accounts might inform training and policy. Methods Audio-recorded qualitative interviews with 30 doctors and nurses working in six UK paediatric oncology and haematology treatment centres were analysed interpretatively, drawing on the constant comparative method. Results Doctors’ and nurses’ descriptions of managing emotional care differed markedly.

“
“The genus Dietzia has only been established fairly recently. The Gram morphology and colony appearance of the species of this genus is remarkably selleck products similar to Rhodococcus equi. In the absence of simple, accurate methods for their identification, Dietzia spp. might have been misidentified as a Rhodococcus spp. and/or considered to be contaminants only. This MiniReview is designed to summarize current evidence on the clinical significance of Dietzia species, to consider their potential role as human pathogens, and to outline approaches that can be used to accurately classify and identify members of the genus, with the overall aim of alerting the medical microbiological community to a little known genus that

contains clinically significant organisms.”
“Objective: Cultural nuances may influence the interface between the cancer experience and marital issues, specifically for the partner. Most of the literature

has focused on the woman’s narrative or couple’s adjustment to cancer in general. The purpose of this study was to describe and compare the marital relationship, sexuality, and marital adjustment of Israeli and Chinese husbands of women with breast cancer and the discussion of the health-care team concerning these issues.

Methods: A convenience sample of 50 Chinese and 50 Israeli men, ages of 28-79 years, completed components of the Psychological Adjustment to Illness Scale, the Locke Wallace Adjustment Scale, and a background questionnaire.

Results: The majority of husbands were in their https://www.selleckchem.com/products/mk-5108-vx-689.html first marriage. The average time since diagnosis was 16.7 months. No significant difference was found between the two groups on issues of marital relationship. Significant differences were found between Israeli and Chinese husbands on sexual ACY-241 research buy interest, pleasure, and performance (p=0.05). Israeli husbands reported a significantly higher level of marital adjustment as opposed to the Chinese husbands (p=0.006). Marital adjustment for both groups was significantly related only to perceived quality of the relationship (p=0.03).

Conclusions: Significant

cultural differences were found in sexuality variables with no differences discerned on marital relationship variables. Couple-based interventions for marital issues are a critical component of support for both partners. Culturally sensitive assessment and care of the spouse as well as the woman with breast cancer should be part of a holistic, comprehensive family care plan. Copyright (C) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.”
“Study Design. A cross-sectional imaging study of young adults.

Objective. To investigate the prevalence of disc degeneration (DD) and displacement, anular tears, and Modic changes in lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) among young adults.

Summary of Background Data. Although low back pain in young adulthood is common, the prevalence of spinal MRI findings at this age remains virtually unknown.

Methods.