The data sets (baseline data, three questionnaires) were sent to C. Cooper (Southampton) for data analysis. The wrist

fracture questionnaire was scored as follows: Every question had five answer options from 1—healthy to 5—severe impact on quality of life. The scores on individual questions were summed up to a total score from 12 to 60, and this was recalculated to a score from 0 to 100. The Qualeffo-41 (spine) was scored ATM Kinase Inhibitor as described previously with scores ranging from 0, representing the best, to 100, representing the worst quality of life [10]. The EQ-5D was scored according to the manual [14]. The overall score ranging from 0, the worst, to 1, the best quality of life, represents

utility and can be used to calculate Capmatinib in vivo quality-adjusted life years (QALY) losses. The test–retest reproducibility was assessed in the patients by comparing the results of the wrist fracture questionnaire selleck inhibitor at 12 weeks with the results at 14 weeks, as described above, using weighted Cohen kappa. The internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach alpha, comparing the wrist fracture questionnaire with the domains for pain and physical function of Qualeffo-41. Spearman rank correlations were calculated between similar domains of the three questionnaires. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to test for significant differences between each time point median score and the baseline median score. The sensitivity to change was assessed by regression

analysis comparing the IOF-wrist fracture questionnaire with Qualeffo-41 and EQ-5D. Results Data were collected in 105 patients (92 women, 13 men) with wrist fracture and 74 control subjects (61 women, 13 men). Baseline data are shown in Table 1. The fracture was on the right side in 38 patients (36.5%) and on the left side in 66 patients (63.5%), and in one patient, the side was not known. The fracture was on the dominant side in 43 patients and non-dominant side in 60 patients (two missing). Most fractures were Colles type; Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II three were Smith-type fracture. Surgical treatment was done in 32 patients. Analgesics were taken by 25 of 63 patients (42 missing) and algodystrophy was observed in 5 of 82 patients, whilst in 23, it was not known. Data at 12 months were available from 87 patients. Test–retest repeatability, analysed in patients by comparing results at 12 and 14 weeks, was restricted to 19 patients who completed the repeat questionnaire within 11–17 days. The weighted kappa statistic ranged from 0.33 to 0.74, and all scores were higher than 0.30. Cronbach alpha was assessed at baseline by comparing the wrist fracture questionnaire with the domains of pain and physical function of Qualeffo-41 (spine). Cronbach alpha was 0.96.