This study identifies sheep as H canis reservoirs potentially im

This study identifies sheep as H. canis reservoirs potentially important in zoonotic or foodborne transmission. Helicobacter canis was originally isolated from a child with gastroenteritis [1]. Its identification in dogs suggested that pets were reservoirs facilitating zoonotic transmission [2]. Subsequently, H. canis was isolated from a dog with hepatitis [3], a colony of Bengal cats with endemic diarrhea [4], and healthy cats [5]. In these cases, H. canis’ role in hepatic and intestinal disease was given further plausibility by extensive prior experimental enterohepatic

Helicobacter use in mouse inflammation Ceritinib cost and neoplasia models [6-8]. Since H. canis has been cultured from bacteremic humans [9-12]. It has also been identified in a duodenal biopsy from a Crohn’s disease patient [13] and in a liver biopsy from an autoimmune hepatitis patient [14]. Most of these reports state that the patient had dog or cat ownership history, and all of these authors hypothesized zoonotic transmission. As H. canis was previously identified in dogs, cats, and humans, it has not been known to naturally infect other species. Here we report H. canis isolation from sheep feces, expanding its host range and raising important questions regarding potential avenues for zoonotic or foodborne transmission. Fecal samples were collected from 22 sheep in sterile Brucella broth containing MK-8669 purchase 20% glycerol.

These sheep were from a single open flock of Dorsets, Hampshires, and Dorset-Hampshire crosses used in teaching and research. The cohort’s average age was 4 (range of 1–10) and consisted of 21 predominantly multiparous ewes and 1 ram. Collection was approved by the Committee on Animal Care of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Samples were plated on 5% sheep blood agar (Thermo Fisher Scientific, this website Lenexa, KS, USA) and CVA (Cefoperazone-Vancomycin-Amphotericin B) agar (BD, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA), and cultured at 37 °C under microaerobic conditions in vented jars containing N2, H2, and CO2 (80 : 10 : 10). Helicobacter-positive samples were identified by colony morphology,

phase contrast microscopy, Gram-negative staining, and Helicobacter genus-specific 16S rRNA PCR [15]. Isolate species identity and clonality were confirmed by RFLP and REP-PCR [15, 16]. Biochemical testing was performed using the Remel RapID NH kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific). DNA was extracted from pure cultures for 16S rRNA sequencing and a neighbor joining phylogenetic tree was constructed based on sequence similarity [17]. All isolates were evaluated for HeLa cell cytotoxicity as previously described, with H. hepaticus strain 3B1 as a positive control [18]. Fecal culture yielded mixed bacterial populations that made separation of Helicobacter-associated colony morphologies technically difficult. Despite this, four isolates, namely, MIT 12-7708, MIT 12-7709, MIT 12-7728, and MIT 12-7730 were recovered. RFLP showed H.

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