This can be considered a limitation of this study. In a recent study, Siberry et al. evaluated the quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine in HIV-infected patients [19]. The authors found that CD4 counts and HIV viral loads correlated with the immune response

achieved after vaccination. However, unlike our study, in which a CD4 count <100 cells/mm3 was an exclusion criterion, that study did not exclude patients with low CD4 counts. We found a statistically significant difference between the HIV-infected and non-HIV-infected patients in terms of the side effects of the meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine, which were more common in the non-HIV-infected patients. No serious side effects were observed in either group, INCB024360 mouse indicating that the vaccine is safe, as reported in prior studies [26]. One explanation for the fact that HIV-infected patients reported fewer side effects is that these patients are often submitted to medical procedures, such as blood draws and vaccinations, and might therefore be more tolerant to pain, myalgia, and other symptoms. In conclusion,

the meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine was found to be effective for HIV-infected children, adolescents, and young adults, although the antibody response obtained was weaker than that obtained in the non-HIV-infected patients. Knowledge of this response could suggest the need to alter the immunization schedule Suplatast tosilate for HIV patients in these age groups, probably by adding a booster dose of meningococcal vaccine, thus 3-deazaneplanocin A ic50 ensuring more effective

protection against meningococcal disease. We would like to thank the volunteers who participated in the study and their parents/guardians, as well as the nurses and other staff members, without whom this study would not have been possible. The authors are also grateful to Silvia Figueiredo Costa, MD, for her generous efforts in supporting the implementation and standardization of the laboratory analysis, to Bruno Stuart de Castro and Tadeu Pernichelli for their excellent laboratory technical assistance, and to Mariliza Henrique da Silva, MD, and Adriana Balduíno de Azevedo for their support and encouragement. Conflict of interest statement: None declared. Funding: This study received financial support in the form of a grant from the Brazilian Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development; Grant no. 478687/2008-7). “
“Epidemics of bacterial meningitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis, the meningococcus, were first reported in Brazil in 1920 [1]. Meningococcal epidemics since the 1970s have been associated with serogroups B and C (the last meningococcal A epidemic in Brazil occurred in 1974) [2].