The mobile phone group was exposed Selleckchem BTK inhibitor to a mobile phone signal (900 MHz), the mobile phone plus vitamin C group was exposed to a mobile
phone signal (900 MHz) and treated with vitamin C administered orally (per os). The vitamin C group was also treated with vitamin C per os for four weeks. Then, the animals were sacrificed and brain tissues were dissected to be used in the analyses of malondialdehyde (MDA), antioxidant potential (AOP), superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), xanthine oxidase, adenosine deaminase (ADA) and 5′nucleotidase (5′-NT).
Results: Mobile phone use caused an inhibition in 5′-NT and CAT activities as compared to the control group. GSH-Px activity and the MDA level were also found to be reduced in the mobile phone group but not significantly. Vitamin C caused a significant increase in the activity of GSH-Px and non-significant increase in the activities of 5′-NT, ADA and CAT enzymes.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that vitamin C may play
a protective role against detrimental effects of mobile phone radiation in brain tissue.”
“Study Design. Retrospective review of a prospectively collected, multicenter database.
Objective. To assess rates of new neurologic deficit (NND) associated with spine surgery.
Summary of Background Data. NND is a potential complication of spine surgery, but previously reported rates are often limited by small sample selleck size and single-surgeon experiences.
Methods. The Scoliosis Research Society morbidity and mortality database was queried for spinal surgery cases complicated by NND from 2004 to 2007, including nerve root deficit (NRD), cauda equina deficit (CED), and spinal cord deficit (SCD). Use of neuromonitoring was assessed. Recovery was stratified as complete, partial, or none. Rates of NND were stratified based on diagnosis, age (pediatric < 21; adult >= 21), and surgical parameters.
Results. Of the 108,419 cases reported, NND was documented for 1064 (1.0%), including 662 NRDs, 74 CEDs, and 293 SCDs (deficit not specified for 35 cases). Rates of NND were calculated on the basis of diagnosis.
Revision cases had a 41% higher rate of NND (1.25%) compared with primary cases (0.89%; P < 0.001). 3-Methyladenine ic50 Pediatric cases had a 59% higher rate of NND (1.32%) compared with adult cases (0.83%; P < 0.001). The rate of NND for cases with implants was more than twice that for cases without implants (1.15% vs. 0.52%, P < 0.001). Neuromonitoring was used for 65% of cases, and for cases with new NRD, CED, and SCD, changes in neuromonitoring were reported in 11%, 8%, and 40%, respectively. The respective percentages of no recovery, partial, and complete recovery for NRD were 4.7%, 46.8%, and 47.1%, respectively; for CED were 9.6%, 45.2%, and 45.2%, respectively; and for SCD were 10.6%, 43%, and 45.7%, respectively.
Conclusion.