On the basis of our small-animal PET imaging studies using a neonatal rabbit model of maternal inflammation-induced cerebral palsy, we propose that PET imaging using [(11)C](R)PK11195 may be a Valuable tool for detecting neuroinflammation in the brain of newborns born to mothers with chorioamnionitis.”
“The standardised Ginkgo biloba extract EGb761 is known for its potential beneficial effects in the prevention and therapy of neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the molecular mechanisms and the specific role of its constituents are largely unknown. The aim of the present feeding trial was to investigate the effects of EGb76l and its

major constituents selleckchem on the expression of genes encoding for proteins involved in the pathogenesis of AD in mouse brain. Six month old C57136 mice were fed semi synthetic diets enriched with either EGb761 or one of its main fractions, flavonols and terpenelactones, respectively, over a period of 4 weeks. Thereafter, mRNA of a-secretase, neprilysin, amyloid precursor protein (App), App binding protein-1 and acetylcholine

esterase was quantified in hippocampus and cortex. EGb761 and its flavonol fraction had no effects on relative mRNA levels of the respective genes in mouse brain. However, the terpenelactone fraction significantly decreased the mRNA levels of App in the hippocampus. Taken together, a 4 week dietary treatment with EGb761 or its GSK461364 main fractions had only moderate effects on mRNA levels of AD related genes in cortex and hippocampus of mice.”
“Mycoplasma pneumoniae may induce mucosal inflammation, referred to as M. pneumoniae-associated Selleck P005091 mucositis ( MPAM). There is no generally accepted definition of MPAM, since there may be mucosal lesions only, or mucosal and minimal skin lesions. Patients and Methods: We conducted a literature review of MPAM, paying particular attention to pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, treatment decisions, and prognosis. Results:

We identified 32 cases of MPAM ( median age 13.5 years), whereof 23 patients were otherwise healthy children and young adolescents ( 72 %). M. pneumoniae infection was associated with fever and respiratory symptoms in all calls; it was confirmed by serology ( n = 30) and/ or PCR ( n = 9). Oral lesions were present in all cases, followed by ocular ( 97 %) and uro-genital lesions ( 78 %). Despite the syndrome’s name postulating the absence of cutaneous involvement, minimal skin lesions occurred in 31 %. Treatment regimens included systemic antibiotics ( 100 %) and systemic anti-inflammatory treatment with corticosteroids ( 31 %) or immunoglobulins ( 9 %). Macrolides were given in 81 %, with failure, relapse, and/ or worsening in one-third of patients. No patient suffered long-term sequelae. Conclusion: MPAM is a distinct extra-pulmonary manifestation falling into the continuum of Stevens-Johnson syndrome.