Dewetted SiGe nanoparticles have exhibited successful application in light management, spanning the visible and near-infrared regions, though their scattering characteristics have yet to be quantitatively assessed. Under oblique illumination, we observe that Mie resonances in a SiGe-based nanoantenna produce radiation patterns oriented along multiple directions. This novel dark-field microscopy setup utilizes the shifting nanoantenna beneath the objective lens to spectrally segregate the Mie resonance components from the overall scattering cross-section in a single measurement. 3D, anisotropic phase-field simulations are used to evaluate the aspect ratio of islands, further contributing towards the accurate interpretation of the experimental data.

The capabilities of bidirectional wavelength-tunable mode-locked fiber lasers are highly sought after for numerous applications. From a solitary bidirectional carbon nanotube mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser, our experiment procured two frequency combs. The bidirectional ultrafast erbium-doped fiber laser, for the first time, is shown to exhibit continuous wavelength tuning. The differential loss-control effect, facilitated by microfibers, was utilized for adjusting the operation wavelength in both directions, resulting in different wavelength tuning characteristics in each direction. By applying strain to microfiber within a 23-meter stretch, the repetition rate difference can be adjusted from 986Hz to 32Hz. Beyond that, there was a minor difference in repetition rate, specifically 45Hz. This method has the capacity to extend the range of wavelengths in dual-comb spectroscopy, thus enhancing its diverse range of applications.

Across disciplines such as ophthalmology, laser cutting, astronomy, free-space communication, and microscopy, measuring and correcting wavefront aberrations is an indispensable procedure. Its accuracy is fundamentally linked to the measurement of intensities, which is used to infer the phase. A method of phase retrieval is found in the transport of intensity, exploiting the correspondence between the observed energy flux in optical fields and their associated wavefronts. We propose a simple scheme for dynamic angular spectrum propagation and high-resolution, tunable-sensitivity wavefront extraction of optical fields at diverse wavelengths, utilizing a digital micromirror device (DMD). By extracting common Zernike aberrations, turbulent phase screens, and lens phases under static and dynamic conditions, at multiple wavelengths and polarizations, we validate the performance of our approach. This setup, crucial for adaptive optics, employs a second digital micromirror device (DMD) to correct distortions through conjugate phase modulation. Cariprazine mouse Real-time adaptive correction, achieved conveniently, stemmed from the effective wavefront recovery observed under a multitude of conditions within a compact arrangement. An all-digital, versatile, and cost-effective system is produced by our approach, featuring speed, accuracy, broadband capabilities, and polarization invariance.

For the first time, a large mode area, anti-resonant, all-solid chalcogenide fiber has been successfully created and tested. Numerical results demonstrate that the designed fiber's high-order mode extinction ratio reaches a value of 6000, with a maximum mode area of 1500 square micrometers. A bending radius in excess of 15cm is conducive to maintaining a calculated bending loss in the fiber, less than 10-2dB/m. Cariprazine mouse A low normal dispersion, specifically -3 ps/nm/km at 5 meters, is a positive aspect for the transmission of high-power mid-infrared lasers. Lastly, a wholly structured, entirely solid fiber was crafted through the precision drilling and two-phase rod-in-tube processes. Fabricated fibers enable mid-infrared spectral transmission across the 45 to 75 meter range, with a minimum loss of 7 dB/m observed at a distance of 48 meters. Long wavelength analysis of the modeled theoretical loss of the optimized structure reveals a correspondence with the prepared structure's loss.

This work introduces a technique for capturing the seven-dimensional light field structure and transforming it into information that is perceptually meaningful. Our novel spectral cubic illumination methodology objectively characterizes perceptually significant diffuse and directed light components, considering their fluctuations across time, location, color, direction, and the surroundings' responses to solar and celestial light. In the natural environment, we observed how the sun's light differentiates between bright and shadowed regions on a sunny day, and how these differences extend to the differences between sunny and cloudy skies. We delve into the enhanced value our method provides in capturing subtle lighting variations impacting scene and object aesthetics, including chromatic gradients.

FBG array sensors, with their outstanding optical multiplexing, have found widespread application in the multi-point monitoring of large-scale structural systems. A neural network (NN) forms the core of the cost-effective demodulation system for FBG array sensors, detailed in this paper. Variations in stress applied to the FBG array sensor are translated into transmitted intensities through different channels by the array waveguide grating (AWG), which are then input into an end-to-end neural network (NN) model. The model simultaneously determines a complex nonlinear correlation between the transmitted intensity and the actual wavelength, enabling precise peak wavelength interrogation. To counter the frequent data size problem in data-driven methods, a low-cost data augmentation strategy is introduced. This ensures that the neural network can achieve superior performance even with a smaller dataset. In essence, the FBG array-based demodulation system offers a dependable and effective method for monitoring numerous points on extensive structures.

A coupled optoelectronic oscillator (COEO) forms the basis of an optical fiber strain sensor we have proposed and experimentally demonstrated, which offers high precision and an extended dynamic range. The COEO is characterized by the fusion of an OEO and a mode-locked laser, each of which uses the same optoelectronic modulator. Mutual feedback within the two active loops results in an oscillation frequency that matches the laser's mode spacing. A multiple of the laser's natural mode spacing, which varies due to the cavity's axial strain, is its equivalent. Hence, we can ascertain the strain by observing the change in oscillation frequency. Sensitivity gains are possible through the incorporation of higher-frequency harmonic orders, attributed to the cumulative impact of these harmonics. We undertook a proof-of-concept experiment to demonstrate the viability of the concept. A figure of 10000 represents the peak dynamic range. In the experiments, the sensitivities of 65 Hz/ at 960MHz and 138 Hz/ at 2700MHz were measured. For the COEO, maximum frequency drifts over 90 minutes are 14803Hz at 960MHz and 303907Hz at 2700MHz, corresponding to measurement errors of 22 and 20 respectively. Cariprazine mouse High precision and speed are key benefits of the proposed scheme. The strain affects the pulse period of an optical pulse generated by the COEO. Accordingly, the suggested methodology shows potential for applications in the field of dynamic strain measurement.

Ultrafast light sources are integral to the process of accessing and understanding transient phenomena, particularly within material science. Despite the desire for a simple and readily implementable method for harmonic selection, exhibiting both high transmission efficiency and preserving pulse duration, a significant challenge persists. Two approaches for selecting the desired harmonic from a high-harmonic generation source are examined and evaluated, with the previously mentioned objectives in mind. Extreme ultraviolet spherical mirrors and transmission filters are joined in the initial approach; the second method relies on a spherical grating at normal incidence. Both solutions focus on time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, utilizing photon energies within the 10-20 eV spectrum, and their relevance extends beyond this specific technique. The two methods of harmonic selection are distinguished by their emphasis on focusing quality, photon flux, and temporal broadening. Focusing gratings provide much greater transmission than mirror-plus-filter setups, demonstrating 33 times higher transmission at 108 eV and 129 times higher at 181 eV, coupled with only a slight widening of the temporal profile (68%) and a somewhat larger spot size (30%). This study, through its experimental design, explores the trade-off between a single grating normal incidence monochromator and the practicality of using filters. Therefore, it establishes a framework for selecting the optimal approach across numerous fields where a straightforwardly implemented harmonic selection, originating from high harmonic generation, is essential.

The precision of optical proximity correction (OPC) modeling directly impacts integrated circuit (IC) chip mask tape-out success, the efficiency of yield ramp-up, and the speed at which products reach the market in advanced semiconductor technology. A precise model translates to a minimal prediction error within the full integrated circuit design. The calibration procedure for the model requires a well-chosen pattern set that maximizes coverage, given the broad range of patterns inherent in a full chip layout. Currently, effective metrics to assess the coverage sufficiency of the selected pattern set are not available in any existing solutions before the actual mask tape-out. Multiple rounds of model calibration might lead to higher re-tape out costs and a delayed product launch. To assess pattern coverage prior to obtaining any metrology data, we formulate metrics in this paper. Metrics are calculated using either the pattern's intrinsic numerical representation or the predictive modeling behavior it exhibits. Experimental data showcases a positive correlation between these measured values and the lithographic model's accuracy. A proposed selection method, incremental in nature, is also based on the error arising from pattern simulations.