94%, female 7.2%).[16] All cases were over five years, (range 5 to 17 years) during the period from September to November, 2006. A retrospective cohort study was carried out by door to door search for the children in the age group of 10 months to 17 years in the case block only. Data on children selleck chem vaccination status were collected by interviewing the mothers, reviewing health records, and verifying with vaccination cards. In sub centre Sailli, attack rates of measles by age and vaccination status indicated 16 case patients of 56 non-immunized (28.6%) compared to 35 case patients of 790 immunized (4.4%) children and it was statistically significant. (Relative risk (RR): 6.44%; 95% C.I.: 3.81�C10.91 P < 0.001). The proportion of the children vaccinated was 93.3%.

The calculation of vaccine efficacy among those exposed to the vaccine yielded an estimate of 84.4% [Table 1]. Table 1 Attack rates of measles by age and vaccination status in villages of Shahpur block, district Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India, 2006 In sub centre Sarah, attack rates of measles by age and vaccination status indicated four cases out of 22 non-immunized (18.18%) compared to 14 cases out of 408 immunized (3.43%) children and it was statistically significant. (RR: 5.3; 95% CI: 1.90 �C 14.77; P < 0.001). The calculation of vaccine efficacy yielded an estimate of 81.13% when children under 10 months of age and the previous history of measles were excluded [Table 2]. The vaccine efficacy for Nagrota Bagwan block could not be calculated, as there was no outbreak in the area.

Table 2 Attack rates of measles by age and vaccination status in villages of Shahpur block, district Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India, 2006 Cold chain maintenance and its equipments were assessed by checking availability of refrigerator, ice liner, deep freezer, vaccine carriers in both case and control areas. Ice Liner Refrigerator (ILR), deep freezers, and vaccine carriers were physically present in sufficient numbers and were in the working conditions in both study areas. On observation in the case area, the practice of maintaining the temperature record on ILR and deep freezers was not carried out in twice a day schedule as per program recommendations while the control area was noticed to be normal. Thermometers and the temperature registers were available in both case and control areas. Both case and control areas have adequate supply of pressure cookers, stoves, sterilizers, kerosene, vaccine carrier boxes, and icepacks. Health care provider-related issues All eight workers in both blocks could correctly list Batimastat the six vaccine preventable diseases (VPDs) and could also correctly state the national immunization schedule for children 0�C59 months old.