“
“Despite energy conversion

efficiencies exceeding 22%, current understanding of the physics behind heterojunction solar cells remains incomplete. The role of hydrogen and ion bombardment during the plasma deposition as well as the influence of an epitaxial layer remains a subject of debate. Our results suggest that hydrogen plays a key role in the fabrication of high efficiency heterojunction solar cells. We show that ion bombardment is not as detrimental as is often thought. Selleck Cyclosporin A Moreover we find that an epitaxial layer is not necessarily harmful to the cell’s V-oc. We propose a criterion linking the layer’s epitaxy and the cells’ performance. To further investigate the role of the H-2 plasma, we carry out in situ ellipsometry measurements on various kinds of c-Si wafers. The effects of this H-2

plasma strongly depend on the resistivity of the 5-Fluoracil c-Si wafer, suggesting that plasma conditions must be tuned to optimize cell efficiency according to the c-Si resistivity.”
“This pharmacovigilance study aimed to monitor the use of monoclonal antibodies in order to investigate possible adverse drug reactions and off-label indications among patients in a university hospital setting. The medical records of adult and pediatric patients were retrospectively reviewed from March to August 2012 as part of an active search for adverse drug reactions. Indications for use of monoclonal antibodies were classified according to approval criteria listed in the drug package insert and Micromedex (R) database, and if not approved, they were classified as off-label use. A total of 91 patients using monoclonal antibodies were monitored during the study period, and off-label use accounted for 39.6% of all indications. Regarding adverse drug reactions, we found a rate of 8.8% of reactions per patient and 3.6% of reactions per 100 patient-days.”
“Ash gourd (Benincasa hispida Cogn) is

a vegetable used in Asian countries and the peel contains high KU-57788 edible waxy materials. This paper reports extraction, characterization, and utilization of ash gourd peel wax as an edible coating in fruits; with strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) as a model system. Crude wax had melting point of 80A degrees C and molecular weight by number (Mn) and molecular weight by weight (Mw) at 2,277 and 2,323 respectively. Dip method was used to coat crude wax as an emulsion on strawberry. Quantity of wax, concentration of sodium benzoate, and dip time were optimized and the values were 0.5%, 1M, and 3 min, respectively. Results were comparable with carnauba wax coating. Fruits without wax coating spoiled completely in less than 2 days at 25A degrees C. Wax coating enhanced the shelf life to 7 days at 25A degrees C and the properties such as texture, color, weight loss, titrable acidity, and microbial counts were well acceptable.